Monday, December 20, 2010

Productivity Meme - 1: Buffer

When one talks of productivity, there are a few basic concepts that recur frequently. The implementation of the idea might change; but the fundamentals remain the same. In this series, we will take a look at some of these concepts, which I refer to as memes.

In the first part of the series, we will take a look at Buffer.

What is a buffer? 
A buffer is a quantity over and above the required quantity. Buffers act as shock-absorbers against unforeseen issues. We often refer to keeping a buffer time; however, as we will see, there are a number of buffers.

Space buffer: 
While taking driving lessons, my instructor gave me a rule of thumb: When driving or when waiting in line at a traffic signal, you should keep your car in such a way that you can see the tyres of the car in front of you
This simple tip has helped me avoid crashing into another car more than a few times.

Moving into a new flat? Think twice before you fill up all the rooms with furniture that is currently available in the market. Apart from the things you will really need, it usually helps to wait a while and explore for options. You are likely to find better deals, better products in future; and personally speaking, a little bit of empty space isn’t a bad thing.

Money buffer: 
Planning to buy a laptop? It would help to keep some extra cash over and above your actual budget handy. Because I can almost guarantee that you are likely to overspend. The only thing that may differ is the margin.
Whenever you step into any shop, what you see is not really what you get. The product on display is adorned with various accessories, most of which come at an extra price. There is not much point in buying a laptop without antivirus software, or a car sans a cover.

Material buffer: 
Going out for monthly grocery shopping? Buy a little bit of extra than you really need for the next week/month. You benefit from buying things in bulk from a superstore, and can avoid hassles at home if some relatives drop in unexpectedly. 
Even if they don’t; the buffer helps you stretch your next shopping until the next paycheck comes in!

Emotional buffer: 
This one is tricky… Every one of us has a threshold for each of negative emotions; be it anger or worry. When things go beyond the threshold; the mental tensions begun to build up. One way to prevent emotional outbursts is to vent off these feelings before they reach the tipping point. 
Thus you give the other party some buffer to address the things bothering you; and you give yourself an emotional buffer to help things resolve before they become critical.

Deliverable buffer:  
One of my favourite quotes is: “Do your work… and a little bit more. The work will let you stay in place; but it is the ‘little more’ that will get you ahead".
Deliver what you have promised to the customer, and toss in a little bit of extra good stuff. Customer may or may not be happy with the stuff you promised, but he is likely to be delighted to see some unexpected goodies.
There is another facet to this. Consider you are preparing a PowerPoint presentation, and you have 10 slides ready. You are confident they would be sufficient for a 30-minute session. However, it always helps to keep extra stuff handy; it may be in the form of notes or some slides. My experience is that people usually finish what they have to say more quickly than they estimate, and then are left clueless about what to do next!

Time buffer: 
As mentioned at the beginning of this article, we are most familiar with the time buffer. Going for a meeting? Give yourself a buffer in which you can reach on time and relax. Estimating time required for providing a deliverable? Add some buffer time to the estimate to account for unforeseen reasons that may cause delays. 
A good rule of thumb here is to add 20% as the buffer time to every time estimate. You are mostly likely to need it. In the case that you don’t, you can perhaps think about doing some deliverable buffers!

Tuesday, August 17, 2010

Manage your personal finances in Percentages

An office colleague of mine is a fresher, meaning that this is his first job. Naturally, he is quite enthusiastic and not jaded by preconceived ideas about work and processes. It is a pleasure talking with him and we often discuss about a lot of things, both professional and personal.


Sometime back, we got talking about managing personal finances. He shared the way he manages his salary. He said he sends Rs. 5000/- per month to his family, keeps Rs. 5000/- for his personal expenses, spends some amount on movies and hoteling and puts away the rest in savings.
(Please note that the amounts mentioned here are hypothetical).


I was curious to know how he arrived at these figures. He said he just put down these numbers based on his gut feelings.

"Well", I said, “There’s a better way to do this. Try managing your finances using percentages, rather than absolute numbers.”


What’s that, he asked. So I explained to him something that I realized only after a couple of years.


Using Percentages in place of absolute amounts
Consider that your monthly salary (or income) is Rs.100.
Now, note down all the expense heads that you regularly incur each month. This would include your rent, your monthly expenses on food, the electricity bill, water bill, mobile and internet bills, and so on.
Next, allocate a specific percentage of your salary (or income) to each of these heads.

For example, here's a suggested break-down:
  • 25% of income to be sent to your family
  • 25% for your monthly expenses, as discussed above
  • 30% for savings and investments (tax savings, mutual funds, buying gold and so on)
  • And, the rest 20% is towards a category which I call E-E-E (Tripple-E), which stands for Expense, Entertainment and Emergency.
Of course, the allocation mentioned here is just an example, and it will vary according to individual. Some may not need to send a regular amount to their family.

To summarize: Use percentages rather than actual amounts for each expense head.


What are the advantages?

This approach has a number of benefits.

  • The most obvious benefit is that once you set up your allocation, it is flexible even when the salary changes. For example, suppose currently you earn Rs. 20k per month. Using the above allocation, it gives you Rs.5000/- for your monthly expenses. When your salary increases, all you need to recalculate the percentages. An Excel spreadsheet can do the job for you swiftly.
  • Secondly, this approach brings out the relative importance of each expense head, thus (possibly) helping you make better finance decisions. For example, savings and investment are very important, so you need to allocate a bigger chunk of your income towards it, rather than, say, purchasing a funky new mobile when you already own a good one.
  • The most important benefit of this approach is that it forces you to curb your unnecessary expenses. For example, if you have allotted 10% of your savings on entertainment; and if you earn Rs.20k per month, then the percentage-approach restricts you from spending any more than 2000/- on entertainment.

Of course, this is assuming that you take your plan seriously and are honest with yourself. If this is not the case, then there is not much in the world that can really help you!

My colleague has been trying this method for a while now, and says it has made his money matters significantly better. Hope it works for you too!

Wednesday, July 21, 2010

Sunday – The Sabbath Day!

On this blog, I keep harping about productivity, efficiency, optimization, et al. But today, I will go over to the other end and say:

 "Spend an entire day away from your machine!"

 Before getting down to the actual concept, here's some personal background.

As an unashamed workaholic (and a bachelor until last year), I was totally hooked up to my machine (a laptop) for 12 to 15 hours a day… often more, but never less. I used the machine to do office work, to read e-books, to listen to music, to watch movies, to play games, to surf the net, and so on. It was great fun.

However, after a couple of years of doing this, I began to feel pangs of a strange dissatisfaction. Life seemed dull and monochromatic.

One fine day, HP, a friend of mine, suggested a solution: Stay away from your laptop for a day. Just don’t touch it.

Fine, I said... I won't work on Sunday, but surely I can use the laptop to watch a movie or to read an e-book?

No, said HP... Total ban on the machine for an entire day (and night).

I was aghast. What was I supposed to do then?

The first time I tried this, I ended up getting frustrated and booting up the machine within a couple of hours.
So, the next Sunday, I left the laptop in my office locker.

With no access to it, mind slowly began to work out the alternatives. I went out and bought a couple of newspapers. Next, I called up a few friends. Even had a long lazy bath followed by a nap in the afternoon!

Over the next few weeks, I had not just adjusted myself to this new routine, but began to actually enjoy it!

So, what is this all about?

The idea is pretty simple: Let go of your machine for a day, and relax, chill out. Spend time with your family, friends, and relatives. Spend time on your hobbies and interests. Do everything and anything that is not related to your profession.

Some points to be considered:

  • Note that I refer to machine. As a software professional, my machine is my laptop. Your "machine" or "tool" will differ as per your profession.
  • I have chosen Sunday to implement idea; you can choose any day as per your convenience.
  • When I say don't work on your off-day, you should exercise your own judgement. For example, during a software release phase, it is common for the project team to be occasionally slogging over a weekend in the office to meet the delivery deadlines. In this case, you can compensate yourself later  by taking an extra day off.
  • Care should be taken that the relaxed mood of the off-day doesn't spill over to the next day. If you have been reading a book, force yourself to keep it down. Partying till late night on a Sunday night is no excuse to walk in late into office on Monday.

How does it help?
Taking a day off keeps you relaxed through the next week. You can take care of backlog activities to be done at home.
Your family will be most delighted and comforted with the assurance that you will really be taking them out to a dinner. Your friends and relatives will know for sure that they can always meet you or visit you on a Sunday.

But what about the productivity stuff?
Believe it, this idea actually makes you more productive throughout the week. If you’re a movie buff, the knowledge that you will only be watching the latest flick on Sunday takes the thought off your mind and helps you focus on the work in hand.

Also, taking an entire day off makes you look forward to getting back to office on Monday and hitting the work. At least, this happens to me!

Friday, July 16, 2010

The 3 productivity tools you need

You want to streamline your work, be more productive, and be more efficient. You take a look around and find productivity tools and techniques galore, enough to intimidate you back into the un-managed ways.

So, what is the easiest -- and probably the best! -- way to go about getting started with getting things done in a systematic way, without investing too much time and effort into myriad approaches?

From personal experience, I would say just three tools are sufficient to do the trick:
  1. To-Do list
  2. Checklist 
  3. Reminder mechanism
Let's see how to use these...

  •  THE TO-DO LIST: WHAT to do A good to-do list should consist of two parts. One part should have the task-lists. Tasks are the chores that you need to repeatedly perform with some regular frequency, such as sending out a status report every Friday, or, washing your car every 15 days.

    More details about creating task-lists can be read here. The second part of the to-do list should have action items specific for the particular day (or week), such as a meeting with software analyst or attending a wedding reception at 9 PM.

    Tools: 
    For the office work, I used StickyPad earlier. But now I use the Tasks feature of Microsoft Outlook. It integrates nicely with e-mail and calendar features (see below) and has almost all the features one could ask for. 
    For personal work, I extensively use the Notes and To-Do List features of my cellphone.

    Success Mantra: The key is to have specific, actionable items on your to-do list. For example, "I want to reduce weight" is merely a wish; you need to convert it to something like "Jogging for 30 minutes every morning from 7 AM to 7:30 AM". Now, this becomes an action-item.
    Some say that the best time to chalk out a to-do list is just before you go to sleep or early in the morning before you set out for the day. Well, I don’t have a specific time to update the to-do list; but just go on adding to it whenever a task presents itself.

  •  THE CHECKLIST: HOW to do
    Checklists are a list of items that help you either to perform a task in the best possible manner or to verify if a completed task meets the requirements. Hence, the checklists can basically be of two types: pre-emptive and corrective. For example, a checklist that you use while conducting a software release is a pre-emptive checklist, whereas a code review checklist is a corrective checklist.

    I have always been big on checklists, so reading The Checklist Manifesto by Dr Atul Gawande was a comforting feeling!

    Tools:
    As of now, I am not using any particular tool to create and manage the checklists. They are mostly scribbled on a paper notepad or saved in MS-Excel.

    Success Mantra: 
    The key is to be honest with oneself while using the checklists. It’s a tall order, but you can always try! You need to force yourself to acknowledge that you have skipped some essential steps during a procedure or that your finished work doesn’t satisfy all the expectations. This will not only help you brace yourself for any glitches ahead but will also –hopefully – forewarn you against making the same errors again in future.
  • REMINDERS: WHEN to do
    Most of us use reminders. The hitch is that most of us don't really act on them when the alarm goes off, instead preferring to hit the snooze button.
    It helps if you set two reminders for each task, one for any preparatory actions you need to perfrom and the second one for the actual task.
    For example, your buddy's birthday is on 1-September and you wish to get your buddy a present.  Then it's not a good idea to set only one reminder for 1-September. Better set a reminder a week before so that you have sufficient time to go out and buy that gift.

    Tools: For office work, I use the Calendar feature of Microsoft Outlook. It integrates nicely with e-mail and Tasks feature (see above) and has almost all the features one could ask for.

    For personal work, I use the Calendar as well as Reminders features of my cellphone.

    Success Mantra:
    The key here is to make your calendar sacred, something that no one can override… not even you, not without a good reason at least. If you mark a time-slot for studying Linux then hanging out in a mall with friends during that time should be avoided, however tempting it might be.

    Of course, you cannot always have things your way. If you mark a Friday evening to watch a football match on TV and your wife informs, “We are visiting my folks today evening”, it would be wise not to insist too much on preserving the integrity of your calendar.

Using these three basic tools in a disciplined way is guaranteed to bring a huge improvement in your productivity and efficiency.

Monday, March 29, 2010

Links I Love... Part II

This is a series of blog posts, in which I share some interesting, intriguing and informative web sites. You can read the first post here.
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An interesting site where various people, mostly designers, share with you what they have learnt in life, so far. The home page links to the works of individual contributors. Simple concepts are showcased in an amazingly appealing way.
http://www.thingsihavelearnedinmylife.com/
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Alexa is a leading "web information company" that ranks websites based on their traffic. You can view top websites world-wide, or by country or in any of the categories. Alexa also provides a lot of statistical data related to the Web, often used as reference material.
Visit Alexa here: http://www.alexa.com/topsites
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Want to see letters by Galileo, Albert Einstein, Thomas Elva Edison, Robert Oppenheimer, Wright brothers, or Nicola Tesla in their own handwriting? Want to see letters by Mark Twain, J D Salinger, Isaac Asimov and Walt Disney in their own handwriting? Want to read a letter by Marry Stuart just couple of hours before she was hanged by Queen Elizabeth I? Want to see a short note by Monica Lewinsky to Bill Clinton?
Want to read a letter written by a kid about a rocket even before the first satellite was in orbit?
Want to see a real 'masked' code-letter used in a war in 1777? Want to see a "letter" from the year 856 AD?

If you are interested in all of these, and many more authentic letters, you must visit: http://www.lettersofnote.com/
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This one's for all the guys... An article from the Esquire magazine that lists "75 things every man should be able do".
http://www.esquire.com/features/essential-skills-0508
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This one's for those who think out-of-the-box and always have ideas oozing out of them. Browse through this blog... It's an exciting collection of amazing ideas, photos and all the heady stuff.
http://www.ironicsans.com/
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Sachin Special!
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Every morning, the first thing I do in the office is to take a look at Times of India online for the latest news. From today, there will be a slight update to this routine; I will also be visiting this site: http://www.batmya.com/

Headlines of all Marathi papers at one go!
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Here's something interesting: What happened in my birth year?: http://whathappenedinmybirthyear.com/
Just enter your birth-year. Then sit back and see the major events from the year of your birth, unfold before you on the screen.
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And, here's something informative: 100 Incredible Lectures from the world's top scientists: http://www.bestcollegesonline.com/blog/2009/06/18/100-incredible-lectures-from-the-worlds-top-scientists/
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Find all the Google tricks in one place: http://www.gtricks.com/
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Watch and listen to best minds at TED: http://www.ted.com/talks
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5 reasons you shouldn't keep praising your kids: http://www.alfiekohn.org/parenting/gj.htm
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If you use any Microsoft products at home or work, here are two links that would be quite useful:
Microsoft at Home: http://www.microsoft.com/athome/default.aspx
Microsoft at Work: http://www.microsoft.com/atwork/default.aspx
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Even a genius has to feed himself, and for that he needs to work. And to get work, you send a resume.
Want to see the resume (actually, it's more of a covering letter) of one of the most versatile geniuses of all time? See Leonardo da Vinci's resume, in his own handwriting, here: http://www.cenedella.com/stone/archives/2010/01/leonardo_da_vincis_resume.html
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Arguably the biggest human-edited directory of the web, the Open Directory Project: http://www.dmoz.org/
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And, if you are as fascinated about maps and data visualization as I am, here is an interesting link. Simply scroll through the page, and be amazed!
Cartogrammar: http://www.cartogrammar.com/blog/
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And, here's what you can do with a single sheet of paper:
http://www.picm.co.tv/2010/01/single-sheet-of-paper.html
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This sea of knowledge, a wonderful initiative from Govt of India, is available at online digital libraries hosted across India. It is a great collection of books and it is available absolutely Free Of Cost.

• Digital Library of India, Hyderabad Server: http://www.new.dli.ernet.in/
• Digital Library of India, Banglore Server: http://dli.iiit.ac.in/
• Digital Library of India, Noida Server: http://www.dli.cdacnoida.in/
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I am not (yet) a great fan of Barack Obama.. but see these photos, and you will see this man is a natural:
http://www.whitehouse.gov/photos-and-video/photogallery/first-year
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Are you interested in mathematics? If yes, then here is a treasure... 1000+ videos on math, covering everything from basic arithmetic and algebra to differential equations, physics, chemistry, biology and finance. ... And the site is run by Salman Khan.
Don't believe me? Then visit http://www.khanacademy.org/
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Google 4 queries at once: http://googlegooglegooglegoogle.com/old/
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Here is the biggest collection of rules of thumb: http://www.rulesofthumb.org/
Very interesting... and very useful, too!

Wednesday, January 6, 2010

Principles that Rule

Ever so often we come across a rule or a principle that summarizes a wealth of insight in a line or two. More often than not, we find ourselves nodding our head vigorously in agreement.
This blog is an attempt to compile together such principles and rules, with links pointing to the more useful resources. To start with, here are a few rules that I can think of right now...


Pareto principle:
The Pareto principle, also known as the 80-20 Rule, says that 20% of your work will take 80 % of your time, and vice versa.
Wikipedia
Better Explained

Image from flickr

Guy Kawasaki’s 10/20/30 rule of PowerPoint:
Guy Kawasaki suggests that a PowerPoint presentation should have no more than 10 slides, shouldn’t last longer than 20 minutes, and shouldn’t have any font smaller than size 30.
Guy Kawasaki


20-70-10 Rule:
This rule, which became more famous (or infamous) as Jack Welch’s Differentation method, states that all the workforce in an organization can be divided into three categories: The top 20% (star performers, who must be awarded), the middle 70% (the core of company, who must be nurtured and monitored) and the bottom 10% (the non-performers, who must be moved out).
The Welch Way


2 Minute Rule:
This rule comes from David Allen’s Getting Things Done (popularly known as GTD). It says, a task that can be completed in 2 minutes should be done immediately.


Six degrees of separation:
Six degrees of separation is a wonderful idea which postulates that if you are one step away from each person you know, and two step away from each they know, then you are at most just six steps away from any other person in the world.... yes including the US President!
Wikipedia



Rule of 72:
The rule of 72 is a quick (though approximate) method to determine how long an investment will take to double, given a fixed annual rate of interest. To find the time period, just divide 72 with the annual rate of return.
Investopedia


 ....


And while you are at it, also check out the following: